Abstract

The legal status and rights of transgender people vary significantly across different jurisdictions. This research paper treed to examines the legal system administering the rights and protection of transgender people in India and the United Kingdom, focusing on the historical evolution, legislative milestones, and present legal protections available to transgender people in both nations. In India, the legal recognition of transgender rights has been formed by landmark judgments like the National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India (2014) case and the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019. These developments have paved the way for broader inclusion but also reveal challenges in execution, such as gaps in healthcare access and social discrimination. In contrast, the UK has established a more comprehensive framework, highlighted by the Gender Recognition Act of 2004, which allows transgender people to change their legal gender. The UK also advantages from protection under the Equality Act 2010, which prevents discrimination based on gender identity. Although, challenges remain in areas like the pace of gender recognition and the intersectionality of transgender rights with other aspects of civil liberties. This comparative analysis underscores the evolving nature of transgender legal rights in both countries, reflecting different cultural, social, and legal environment. While India has made strides through court judgments and law, the UK offers a more established legal infrastructure. This paper concludes with suggestions for strengthening transgender rights in both nations, with a prominence on access to healthcare, social inclusion, and the improvement of legal recognition process.

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