This research paper analyses the Ranbir Penal Code in contrast to the Indian Penal code after the repealing of the former and replacement with the latter, due to the abrogation of Article 370 and thus replacing all the laws in Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh with the central Indian laws. There are a few differences in the substantial aspects of the Penal Codes which entails changes and thus new challenges faced by the courts in adapting to the changes.

Therefore, this expansion of the Indian Penal Code, 1860’s territorial jurisdiction has numerous implications and consequences owing to the conflict of certain sections. This article will explore in depth the history behind the separate penal code of Kashmir, the decision to abrogate Article 370 with special reference to the substantive criminal law, and the possible conflicts and/or changes that are undeniably bound to follow such an ordinance.

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