Child Abuse in India: A Legal and Institutional Framework for Protection and Prevention

Child abuse is a grave violation of the fundamental rights and dignity of children. It manifests in various forms, including physical violence, emotional neglect, sexual exploitation, and lack of supervision or care. Although recognized globally, child abuse in India is a deeply under-researched issue, largely due to cultural stigma, underreporting, and systemic apathy. This essay critically analyses India's child abuse issue, with a focus on sexual abuse and neglect. It discusses the legal framework, role of the judiciary, and relevant statutes that aim to protect children. Furthermore, it examines the socio-cultural factors that hinder the effective implementation of protective measures. Through an analysis of judicial precedents, constitutional provisions, and statutory laws, the study offers a comprehensive view of the challenges and provides practical recommendations for policy and societal reform.