Abstract

The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) debate in India embodies the nation's quest for justice, equality, and secularism within its diverse socio-cultural landscape. This research paper explores the historical evolution, constitutional framework, debates, impact on gender equality, legal and practical challenges, international perspectives, and future prospects of the UCC. From colonial legacies to contemporary judicial pronouncements, efforts to enact uniform laws governing civil matters have sparked contentious debates and raised fundamental questions about the balance between religious freedoms and individual rights. Legislative reforms such as the Hindu Succession Act and landmark judgments like the Shah Bano case have sought to address gender disparities and promote equality within the legal framework. However, significant challenges remain in reconciling religious traditions with the imperatives of justice and equality, as evidenced by resistance from conservative quarters and administrative complexities. International perspectives offer valuable insights into approaches to family law and personal status in diverse cultural contexts, informing recommendations for inclusive dialogue, gender-responsive legal reforms, and capacity-building initiatives. As India navigates the complexities of the UCC debate, the future prospects for a more just and equitable legal framework depend on concerted efforts to engage stakeholders, foster consensus, and uphold the principles of human rights and social justice for all citizens.

Keywords