Abstract

Fake encounters, or extrajudicial killings by police, represent a serious violation of human rights within India’s criminal justice system. These killings occur when law enforcement officers execute individuals without due legal process, often framing them as acts of self-defense or immediate justice. While the police are entrusted with maintaining law and order, the misuse of power in the form of fake encounters undermines the rule of law and erodes public trust in legal institutions. The right to life, guaranteed under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, is frequently compromised in such incidents. Despite constitutional safeguards and judicial directives, reports of such encounters continue to rise, especially in states like Tamil Nadu. Victims' families often face intimidation, and investigations into these killings are rarely impartial. The lack of accountability and oversight enables impunity among law enforcement agencies. Addressing this issue requires comprehensive police reforms, independent investigations, and strict enforcement of legal procedures. Ensuring justice and upholding human rights are essential to preserving the credibility and integrity of India’s democratic and legal systems.

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