Abstract

India, as a developing nation with a burgeoning population and rapidly growing economy, faces significant challenges in addressing climate change while maintaining its developmental aspirations. The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), launched in 2008, represents India’s commitment to sustainable development and climate resilience. This research assesses the NAPCC’s framework, objectives, and achievements over the past decade. The study critically evaluates its eight core missions—ranging from solar energy promotion to ecosystem protection—and their alignment with international climate commitments under the Paris Agreement. The analysis reveals mixed outcomes, with notable progress in renewable energy expansion but significant gaps in areas such as water management and agricultural adaptation. Challenges include inadequate inter-ministerial coordination, insufficient funding, and limited community engagement. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the role of emerging technologies, public-private partnerships, and community-driven approaches to achieve the plan's goals. By integrating lessons from global best practices and fostering adaptive governance, the NAPCC can be a transformative force in India’s climate strategy. This research provides actionable policy recommendations to strengthen the NAPCC’s effectiveness in mitigating climate change impacts and ensuring sustainable growth in India. This assessment underscores the importance of adaptive, inclusive, and collaborative strategies to achieve the dual goals of environmental conservation and economic development in the face of global climate challenges.

Keywords